Упражнения на косвенную речь в английском с ответами

Косвенная речь нужна, чтобы пересказать чужие слова: She said that she was tired («она сказала, что устала»). Главное отличие от русского в сдвиге времён: если глагол-вводка в прошедшем (said, told, asked), время в пересказе тоже уходит на шаг назад: am → was, will → would, can → could.

Впишите ответ в пропуск и нажмите «Проверить» под упражнением. В переводах нажмите «Сказать» и произнесите фразу по-английски: страница сравнит её с правильным вариантом.

Коротко о правиле

• say без адресата (She said that...), tell с адресатом (She told me that...).
• Меняются слова места и времени: now → then, today → that day, tomorrow → the next day, here → there.
• В косвенном вопросе прямой порядок слов и нет do: He asked where I lived.
• Просьбы и приказы через to: She asked me to wait. He told us not to be late.

Подробно правило разобрано в статье Косвенная речь в английском.

Упражнение 1. Сдвиг времён

1. "I am tired." She said she ___ tired. → was
2. "I like pizza." He said he ___ pizza. → liked
3. "We are leaving." They said they ___ leaving. → were
4. "I will help you." She said she ___ help me. → would
5. "I can drive." He said he ___ drive. → could
6. "I saw the film." She said she ___ the film. → had seen
7. "I have finished." He said he ___. → had finished
8. "I don't know." She said she ___ know. → didn't / did not

Упражнение 2. Say или tell

1. She ___ me that she was busy. → told
2. He ___ that he would be late. → said
3. Can you ___ me the time? → tell
4. They ___ us to wait outside. → told
5. What did she ___ to you? → say
6. Don't ___ anyone! → tell

Упражнение 3. Косвенные вопросы

1. "Where do you live?" He asked me where I ___. → lived
2. "Are you hungry?" She asked if I ___ hungry. → was
3. "What time is it?" He asked what time it ___. → was
4. "Do you like coffee?" She asked me ___ I liked coffee. → if / whether
5. "Can you swim?" He asked if I ___ swim. → could
6. "Where did you go?" She asked where I ___. → had gone / went
7. "Will you come?" They asked if we ___ come. → would
8. "Why are you late?" The teacher asked why I ___ late. → was

Упражнение 4. Просьбы и приказы

1. "Please wait here." She asked me ___ here. → to wait
2. "Don't be late." He told us ___ late. → not to be
3. "Close the door." Mum told me ___ the door. → to close
4. "Please help me." He asked me ___ him. → to help
5. "Don't touch it." She told the kids ___ it. → not to touch
6. "Call me tomorrow." He asked me ___ him the next day. → to call

Упражнение 5. Переведите на английский

Нажмите «Сказать» и произнесите перевод по-английски. Если удобнее про себя, нажмите «Показать ответ».

1. Она сказала, что устала. ⇒ She said she was tired. / She said that she was tired.
2. Он сказал мне, что опоздает. ⇒ He told me he would be late. / He told me that he would be late.
3. Они спросили, где мы живём. ⇒ They asked where we lived. / They asked us where we lived.
4. Она попросила нас подождать. ⇒ She asked us to wait.
5. Он спросил, нравится ли мне кофе. ⇒ He asked if I liked coffee. / He asked me if I liked coffee.
6. Мама сказала не опаздывать. ⇒ Mum told us not to be late. / Mom told us not to be late.
7. Она сказала, что видела этот фильм. ⇒ She said she had seen the film. / She said she had seen this film.
8. Он сказал, что может помочь. ⇒ He said he could help.

Упражнение 6. Расскажите вслух

Проверки здесь нет: это разминка для речи. Ответьте полными предложениями.

• What did your best friend tell you last time you talked?
• What did your teacher or boss ask you to do recently?
• What did your parents always tell you when you were a child?
• What news did someone tell you this week?

Частые ошибки

She said me that... С адресатом tell: She told me that...

He asked where do I live. Порядок слов прямой: He asked where I lived.

She said she is tired (о вчерашнем разговоре). Сдвиг времени: She said she was tired.

He told me don't be late. Приказ через not to: He told me not to be late.

She asked me if I will come. Сдвиг: She asked me if I would come.

Частые вопросы

Обязательно ли сдвигать время?

Если глагол-вводка в прошедшем (said, told, asked), то обычно да. Если сказанное до сих пор правда, сдвиг можно не делать: He said he lives in Moscow. Если вводка в настоящем (says, tells), время не меняется: She says she is tired.

Чем say отличается от tell?

После tell всегда называют, кому сказали: tell me, tell her. После say адресат не нужен, а если нужен, то с to: She said to me. Но She said me неверно.

Как передать вопрос в косвенной речи?

Порядок слов становится как в утверждении, do и did исчезают: Where do you live? → He asked where I lived. Вопросы без вопросительного слова передают через if или whether: He asked if I was hungry.

Нужно ли слово that?

Нет, that после said и told можно опустить: She said (that) she was tired. В разговорной речи его чаще пропускают.